Literature Review: Transhumanism and Posthumanism
Figure 1: Ghost in the Shell Poster Transhumanism has been defined as "the intellectual and cultural movement that affirms the possibility and desirability of fundamentally improving the human condition through applied reason, especially by using technology to eliminate aging and greatly enhance human intellectual, physical, and psychological capacities" (Bostrom, 1999). A posthuman would no longer be a human being, having been so significantly altered as to no longer represent the human species. Underlying this worldview is a core belief that the human species in its current form does not represent the end of our development, but rather its beginning (Bostrom, 1999). An example can be apply in this movie, human had been transformed to a posthuman which means that human and technologies merge together. Major is a true blending of a human brain with a completely mechanical body. She is a new construct of a replaceable part robotic soldier with no memories and no ph...
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